In southern New England, Niantic pottery is
considered diagnostic of the Final
Woodland and Contact periods (ca. 450-300 Years BP). This type is
characterized by smoothed interior and exterior surfaces, constricted
necks, globular bodies, collars, and castellations. Most of these
attributes appear on later Hackney Pond and
Shantok Castellated types.
Related sub-types include Niantic Linear Dentate, Niantic Incised, and Niantic Punctate. All of the Niantic sub-types share the same suite of decorative and morphological attributes and differ only in terms of the kind of tool used in the application of decoration. Shell stamping is the most common form.
Surface Treatment
The key diagnostic
attributes include the use of shell stamping and triangular design motifs.
The triangular design motif appears earlier (ca. 800-600 BP) on Windsor
Cord Marked vessels and continues into the Contact Period.
The Niantic type marks a regional stylistic horizon of incised and shell stamped triangular designs. Decoration consists of horizontal, vertical, and opposing oblique lines that are stamped or incised on the collar. Repeated stamping was used to create a series of interlocking triangles. Interior decoration typically consists of a single row of vertical shell stamping.
Morphology
The two complete specimens shown on this page illustrate the diversity of
vessel morphology and rim treatment. Both castellated and non-castellated
forms are common.
Rim diameters range from 7.5-28 centimeters, suggesting Niantic pots were used for a variety of activities related to food preparation and storage. Collars vary in terms of relief and width. Collars are generally of low relief.
Technological Attributes
Both shell and mineral temper have been noted for Niantic pots.
Medium to fine grained shell is the most common temper material, especially in
estuarine and coastal settings. Sherd thickness ranges from 3-8 millimeters.